GEM and exocrine pancreatic carcinoma: Additionally, Fernandez-Gil et al. (2019) and Leja-Szpak et al. (2018) demonstrated that Mel enhances the cytotoxic effects of cisplatin and Gem in neck and head squamous cell carcinoma and pancreatic carcinoma cells, respectively (Leja-Szpak et al. 2018, Fernandez-Gil et al. 2019).