Utilizing a microglia-free niche created by depleting microglia and subsequently performing microglia replacement therapy has emerged as a potential treatment strategy for diseases caused by microglial gene mutations.138 Yoo and colleagues transplanted TREM2+/+ CDMCs into TREM2−/− 5xFAD mice, an Alzheimer’s disease model.139 This microglia replacement therapy significantly improved the containment and phagocytosis of Aβ plaques by brain myeloid cells, alleviating AD symptoms. The gene discussed is TREM2; the disease is Alzheimer disease.