ANPEP and infection: Furthermore, AMs maintained their surface expression of Siglec-F and CD11c through 25 days of culture (S5A-B Fig), and maintained transcription of the classical AM genes Pparg and Car4(S5C Fig).Transcription of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17A, IL-23, and TNF was increased in APN pathway-deficient AMs when compared WT-derived AMs, while IL-10 was similar (Fig 2A), and secreted TNF, IL-1α, and IL-6 in the supernatant was increased in response to infection in all groups, with IL-1α and IL-6 increased in infected APN-deficient AMs compared to WT (Fig 2B).