Being an AHR ligand, several doses of I3C have been used to induce moderate to malignant hypertension in CYP1A1/Ren-2 rats: 0.3%, [158,159,160,161,162] 0.1%, [163] 0.125%, [164] 0.15%, [165], and 0.3% [166]. Here, CYP1A1 is linked to malignant hypertension.