PCSK9 and familial hypercholesterolemia: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal codominant disease characterized by the reduced clearance of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) particles from the blood due to pathological variants in the genes for low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), apolipoprotein B (APOB) or proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) (1).