Fibrosis reduction: MSCs decrease the levels of profibrotic factors such as IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, TGF-β, α-SMA, collagen I, and collagen IV while increasing the levels of antifibrotic factors such as FGFs, HGF, and VEGF, all of which inhibits EMT and reduces renal fibrosis. Here, TNF is linked to renal fibrosis.