INS and hypertensive disorder: Metabolic syndrome has been described in various manners over the past decades, however, the metabolic abnormalities typically considered for its diagnosis consist of abdominal obesity (characterized by a large waist circumference or high waist-to-hip ratio), elevated fasting blood glucose, increased fasting serum insulin, reduced serum high-density cholesterol (HDL), elevated serum triglyceride levels (TG), and high blood pressure (10–13).