SPP1 and colorectal carcinoma: The analysis of bulk CRC datasets showed that SPP1 expression was elevated in advanced stage (III/IV) CRC (5/5), T3/4 (3/3), and N1-3 (2/3) samples compared with early stage (I/II), T1/2, and N0 samples (Fig. 5A–C), which suggests that SPP1+ macrophages may play an important role in CRC progression.