IL-6-STAT3 signaling, TNF-α–NF–κB signaling, and ERK signaling are essential for ConA-induced hepatitis through T-cell activation and hepatocyte destruction.27, 28, 29 Therefore, we investigated the activation of the STAT3, NF-κB, and ERK signal pathways. Here, NFKB1 is linked to hepatitis A virus infection.