The nPOD-Virus Group examined pancreases from 197 donors, recovered between 2007 and 2019, classified into five groups: donors with type 1 diabetes, with residual insulin-containing islets (T1D-ICI group, n=41) or with only insulin-deficient islets (T1D-IDI, n=42); donors without diabetes who are AAb-negative (ND, n=83); and rare donors without diabetes expressing a single AAb (AAb+, n=22) or multiple AAbs (AAb++, n=9). Here, INS is linked to diabetes mellitus.