CX3CL1 and diabetes mellitus: This includes activation of chemokine (chemotactic cytokine) CX3CL1 (fractalkine, neurotactin) (Szukiewicz et al. 2018; Szukiewicz et al. 2013), which is largely responsible for the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of diabetes (Yao et al. 2014; Das and Mukhopadhyay 2011).