Furthermore, the analysis of a small subset of fresh colonic biopsies from long-standing IBD patients derived from inflamed (n = 2 or 3) and LGD tissue (n = 1 or 2) revealed that LGD biopsy exhibits a slight increase in the L-PHA/GNA ratio in CD8+ and γδ T cells in comparison with inflamed tissue (Figure 1G and H, Figure S2B and C), alongside with a decrease in the percentage of IFNγ production by both CD8+ and γδ T cells (Figure 1I and J, Figure S2D and E). The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is inflammatory bowel disease.