To further investigate the effect of AuNPs in vivo, mice were inoculated with PA to induce ALI, followed by intravenous administration of ICAM1‐AFM41a‐AuNPs, IgG‐AFM41a‐AuNPs, and free AFM41a 4 h after PA infection. This evidence concerns the gene ICAM1 and acute respiratory distress syndrome.