NAMPT exists in both extracellular (eNAMPT) and intracellular (iNAMPT) forms, with eNAMPT boosting TLR4-independent macrophages activation [85], and iNAMPT mediating NK mitochondrial homeostasis [86], suggesting anti-tumor cytoxicity (Fig. S19b). This evidence concerns the gene TLR4 and neoplasm.