In a murine model of disseminated infection, the addition of granulocyte (G)-CSF to amphotericin B was associated with improved survival (Table 4).137 Survival of cases where G-CSF has been used has been reported.45,82,138 The addition of GM-CSF to posaconazole reduced the burden of infection in some organs in a murine model of disseminated infection but had no impact on survival.139 As such, where available, G-CSF/GM-CSF can be recommended as adjunct therapy for the treatment of L. prolificans infection, particularly in those cases of prolonged neutropenia (Table 4). The gene discussed is CSF3; the disease is Decreased total neutrophil count.