HIF1A and Cognitive impairment: 2016). Under hypoxic conditions, the NAD+/NADH ratio diminishes as a result of diminished NADH consumption in the mitochondria coupled with enhanced NADH generation via glycolysis. This shift results in reduced SIRT1 expression and the subsequent acetylation and activation of HIF‐1α (Lim et al. 2010). Studies have indicated that HIF‐1α contributes to cognitive deficits in septic mice by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction, neuronal cell death, and inflammatory processes (Zhao et al. 2022).