In addition, macrophage subsets are found to show heterogeneous transcriptomic patterns among distinct tumor types with several tumor-enriched macrophage subsets were found: the ISG15+ TAMs upregulated multiple interferon-inducible genes, the SPP1+ TAMs and C1QC+ TAMs resembled dichotomous functional phenotypes of TAMs in CRC, LYVE1+ macrophages and NLRP3+ macrophages were preferentially enriched in non-cancer tissues and likely represented as pro-inflammatory TRMs clusters 21. This evidence concerns the gene SPP1 and neoplasm.