For example, TAMs promoted stem cell-like properties of cancer cells by activating the nuclear transcription factor-κB (NFκB) pathway in colon cancer and breast cancer, the IL-6-STAT3 (Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) pathway in HCC and the AKT-mTOR pathway in RCC 99. The gene discussed is STAT3; the disease is renal cell carcinoma.