For example, BACH1-induced ferroptosis was found to promote lymphatic metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma through the BACH1-SCD1-OA axis (Xie et al., 2023); expression of cuproptosis gene set has been found to affect the prognosis and immune status of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (Zheng et al., 2022). The gene discussed is BACH1; the disease is esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.