Finally, it is important to note that IL1β, IL6 and TNFα upregulate ACBP/DBI and GABRG2 protein expression in human chondrocyte and synoviocyte cells, supporting the widespread idea that many different cell types contribute to joint inflammation in osteoarthritis together with changes in the extracellular matrix [18, 68–70]. Here, TNF is linked to osteoarthritis.