Analysis of whole blood and/or serum PDGF-BB, VEGF, and angiogenin concentrations revealed that the median PDGF-BB concentration was not different in those with DMD and osteoporosis relative to healthy controls, but PDGF-BB was significantly decreased in those with DMD without osteoporosis relative to those with osteoporosis (p = 0.021) (Figure 1A). This evidence concerns the gene VEGFA and Duchenne muscular dystrophy.