CD40 and influenza: The top upregulated pathways included interferon signaling (P = 1.0 × 10–11), IL10 signaling (P = 7.4 × 10–8), role of hypercytokinemia in the pathogenesis of influenza (P = 4.9 × 10–7), dendritic cell maturation (P = 2.1 × 10–6), Toll-like receptor signaling (P = 9.5 × 10–6), CD40 signaling (P = 1.8 × 10–5), and macrophage classical activation signaling pathway (P = 2.6 × 10–5) (Supplemental Table 3 and Figure 5B).