SNCA and early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease: These technologies, including whole-exome sequencing (WES) and whole-genome sequencing (WGS), have facilitated the identification of pathogenic mutations in genes such as APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2 in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), as well as LRRK2, SNCA, and PINK1 in Parkinson’s disease (PD) [12,13].