The aim of this research was to assess the health of mothers’ moods over the first 6 weeks postpartum, using Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, and also, to assess the predictive validity of genetic OXT (rs4813627) and OXTR (rs237885; rs2740210) single nucleotide polymorphisms for the susceptibility to the occurrence of postpartum depression. This evidence concerns the gene OXT and postpartum depression.