AKT1 and cancer: Furthermore, our mouse tumorigenicity assays revealed that only the cells with three genetic combinations (ARID1A KO, KRAS MT (or AKT overexpression), and c-Myc overexpression) successfully formed malignant tumors, suggesting that they are driver candidates in the development of ERONs, which aligns with previous studies in which the establishment of three genetic alterations showed the potential for tumorigenesis [36,37].