The link to IL-1 production may be less direct for other conditions, such as TNF receptor-associated periodic fever syndrome, caused by mutations in the TNFRSF1A gene encoding the 55-kD TNF receptor: neutrophils of these patients are less prone to apoptosis and oversecrete many transcription factors [17], but the intracellular accumulation of misfolded TNF receptors triggers inflammasome activation and enhances IL-1β release [18]. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is periodic fever syndrome.