Furthermore, by comparing the upregulated genes (i.e., p < 0.05 and log2fold change > 0) from bulk RNAseq analysis in post vs. pre-afatinib tumor biopsies and the tumor nodules differential expression analyses, 13 genes in common were discovered: COL1A1, COL1A2, POSTN, PDGFRA, SLC38A11, SPARC, VWA5A, MUC4, SLC9A9, CXCL9, DCLK1, ZNF652 and ASPN (Supplementary Figure S6 and Supplementary Table S5). Here, CXCL9 is linked to neoplasm.