Upon examining the proportions of differentially expressed genes in the three subtypes of HCC (HBV, HCV, and non-viral), with ICC as reference, we consistently identified that the most contrasting cell type between the two predominant forms of PLC (HCC vs ICC) was malignant cells, indicating the significant extent of intrinsic differences between them (Figure 2B). Here, HSPG2 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.