Treatment with immune stimulation is hypothesized to reprogram DN T cells into cytotoxic CD8+ T cells (green circle) and help shift the CA-TLS to a high CD8 density (HD)-TLS TIME where, for example, check point inhibitors (i.e., anti-PD-1) might help exacerbate a cancer immune attack by CTLs (right side panel specimen HD-TLS; GC: Germinal Center; all in Figure 1). Here, PDCD1 is linked to cancer.