This is in accordance with recent data demonstrating M2-like macrophage and tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) repolarization to pro-inflammatory phenotypes by tumor-antigen specific IgE.16 39 41 Here, we further demonstrated that Tras IgE treatment induced a shift in CD4+-activated T cells from Treg toward Teff cells in the TME in vivo, resulting in an increase in Teff:Treg ratio. Here, CD4 is linked to neoplasm.