Indeed, it has been shown that d-dimer,16,51 IL-6,17 CRP,17 NLR,18 NT-proBNP,12,19,52 troponin I,19 troponin T13 and vWf14 can act as additive prognostic markers to the CHA2DS2-VASc score for predicting stroke in AF subjects. This evidence concerns the gene NPPB and Stroke.