Accordingly, the risk of developing HCC strongly increases in post-menopausal females in comparison with males of the same age, while on the contrary, at younger ages (less than 60 years) men are more susceptible to HCC than women [28], also because testosterone positively regulates cell cycle regulators and reduces p53 expression in hepatocytes [27]. This evidence concerns the gene TP53 and hepatocellular carcinoma.