IGFBP1 and endometriosis: Tsuno et al. reported that while PRL and IGFBP1 expression remained unchanged in eutopic ESCs from women with endometriosis treated with db-cAMP and medroxyprogesterone (MPA) or dienogest (12 days), ectopic ESCs showed significantly lower expression compared to both eutopic (endometriosis) and control cells [58].