Both mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy increased with exercise, giving hepatocytes resilience to different stressors induced by NAFLD with increases in PGC1alpha, Tfam, Mfn1 and Mfn2 (Ghareghani et al., 2018[41]; Goncalves et al., 2014[42], 2014[44], 2015[45]; Khoo et al., 2020[73]; Wang et al., 2017[154]). The gene discussed is TFAM; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.