According to the guidelines of the European Society of Medical Oncology and the European Association of Urology (28), for clear cell renal cell carcinoma patients with medium- or high-risk operation, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors represented by pembrolizumab can be used to assist in postoperative radical resection or adjuvant immunotherapy with mRCC. This evidence concerns the gene PDCD1 and clear cell renal carcinoma.