Since ZFAS1 has already been studied in esophageal cancer, such as exosomal ZFAS1 promoting proliferation, migration, and invasion of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by upregulating STAT3 and downregulating miR-124 while inhibiting apoptosis (17), we chose ZC3H18 for further investigation. This evidence concerns the gene STAT3 and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.