Of the co-expressed genes, nine HSP genes showed co-expression with genes of garlic viruses B, D, and E and the shallot latent virus (P < 0.01), whereas two HSP genes were co-expressed with genes of garlic viruses A and X (Supplementary Figs 12 and 13), suggesting the potential involvement of these HSP genes in the viral infection of garlic. This evidence concerns the gene HSP90B2P and viral infectious disease.