HSP90AA1 and cardiovascular disorder: Besides, HSP90 regulates many pathways, including the MAPK, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) signaling pathways, which regulate cardiovascular diseases via different pathological processes.334 In addition to the effect of HSP90, the highly complicated effect of HSP70 on CVD development is under discussion.