BCL2 and prostate cancer: Alafnan et al. (2021) revealed that by elevating ROS levels, AA induced cell apoptosis in prostate cancer PC-3 cells by increasing Caspase activity and decreasing NF-κB expression. In the study conducted by Yang et al. (2022), they observed that AA intervention significantly increased ROS levels in breast cancer 4T1 cells, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, upregulated cytoplasmic protein expression of Cyt-C, Bax, and cleaved-Caspase3, and downregulated Bcl-2 protein expression.