SMAD2 and pulmonary fibrosis: Zhang et al. (Zhang H. et al., 2024) found that Tan IIA downregulates the expression levels of zinc finger and BTB domain 16 (Zbtb16), downregulates the expression of type I collagen, fibronectin, and α-SMA, reduces the phosphorylation of Smad2/3, inhibits the activation of the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway, inhibits the level of hydroxyproline (HYP) in lung tissue, and reduces the lung index (lung weight/body weight) in the BLM-induced rat pulmonary fibrosis model and the TGF-β1-treated MRC-5 model, thereby exerting its effect against pulmonary fibrosis.