MPO and Sepsis: In sepsis-induced ALI/ARDS, Xu et al. detected (Xu et al., 2009) that in a mouse model of acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), Tan IIA might relieve pulmonary edema, reduce the destruction of lung structures, and exert a protective effect on LPS-induced lung injury by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB, further reducing the activity of phospholipase A2 (PLA2), downregulating the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in lung tissues, and decreasing the protein content and the number of neutrophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.