Moreover, recent studies have confirmed that targeting inactive PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways with CUR can induce autophagy-mediated ferroptosis, characterizing by increased levels of Fe2+, MDA, lipid ROS as well as acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4), a key biological marker for ferroptosis induction; meanwhile suppressing GSH expression levels along with SLC7A11 and GPX4 in GC cells, ultimately leading to suppression of GC cell growth (Zheng X. et al., 2024). Here, PIK3CA is linked to gastric cancer.