PNPLA3 and hepatocellular carcinoma: Previous studies have identified at least six MASLD-associated coding variants with MAF ≤ 0.01: one study of 301 MASLD cases with either advanced fibrosis or hepatocellular carcinoma identified two variants in ATG7 [5]; a second study of a four-generation family with progressive MASLD identified a variant in MTTP [6]; a third study of 492 MASLD cases identified a variant in PNPLA3 and another in MTTP [7]; and a fourth study of a single individual identified a variant in GCKR (Additional file 1: Table S7) [18].