CD274 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: The results from the CheekMate017 clinical trial demonstrated that nivolumab significantly improved overall survival (OS), the overall response rate (ORR) and progression-free survival (PFS) [16]. Similarly, the KEYNOTE 010 phase II/III clinical trial, as well as the POPLAR (phase II) and OAK(phase III) clinical trials revealed that the anti-PD-1 antibody pembrolizumab and the anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody atezolizumab significantly improved OS, PFS, and ORR in patients with advanced NSCLC compared with docetaxel.