Rifampicin has been described to induce ER stress via two different mechanisms: directly activating PXR and inducing the expression of multiple CYP genes (Szczesna-Skorupa et al. 2004), which can promote ER stress due to the activation of the IRE1 and PERK signaling pathways (Hou et al. 2022) or by also inducing cholestasis by BSEP down-regulation (Stieger et al. 2000; Wen et al. 2022). Here, ABCB11 is linked to cholestasis.