In females, waist circumference (AOR =  0.97, 95% CI: 0.95-0.99, P =  0.018), albumin levels (AOR =  0.96, 95% CI: 0.92-0.99, P =  0.047), NNRTI regimens (AOR =  2.78, 95% CI: 1.34-5.78, P =  0.006), microcytosis (AOR =  3.18, 95% CI: 1.26-8.03, P =  0.014), and hypertension (OR =  0.34, 95% CI: 0.13-0.87, P = 0.024) were linked to anemia in adjusted analysis but these associations were abrogated by male sex. This evidence concerns the gene ALB and anemia (phenotype).