JAK2 and diabetes mellitus: A clinical study has shown that the herbal formula Danggui Liuhuang Tang, known for its effects of clearing Fire, can reduce the release of proinflammatory cytokines and vascular endothelial growth factor by inhibiting the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway, thereby improving vascular endothelial function in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with Fire syndrome (Xu et al., 2024).