Microarray analysis has shown that HCV infection significantly upregulates genes related to inflammation and angiogenesis, including amphiregulin (AREG), IL‐8, and C‐C motif chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20), which accelerate HCC progression by promoting inflammation and angiogenesis in the tumor microenvironment [432]. Here, CXCL8 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.