The expression of pattern recognition receptors (TLR2, TLR5, etc.), signalling transducers and regulators (STAT1, STAT2, IRF7, CARD9, etc.), chemokines (CCL3, CCL5, CCL19, etc.), antigen-presenting proteins (CD3, CD8), interleukins and their receptors (IL8, IL10, IL12A, etc.)was significantly upregulated following infection. Here, IL12A is linked to infection.