IFITM3 and infection: With respect to IFITM3, it has been documented to inhibit the infection of several viruses, including influenza A virus and SARS-CoV [43].This protein’s antiviral effect is achieved by its dimerization on endo-lysosomal membranes, which makes fusion pore formation energetically unfavorable, inhibiting hemifusion and viral escape into the cytoplasm [44].