ACER2 and hepatocellular carcinoma: In the MASH-HCC mouse model, sphingosine-1-phosphate phosphatase 1 (Sgpp1) and Sgpl1 were significantly downregulated, while Cers6, Acer2, Cers5, S1pr3, Cerk, Asah1, Smpdl3a, and glucosylceramide synthase (Ugcg) were significantly upregulated (Fig. 6C&D).