To further validate the intrinsic role of the IL-19/WISP1 axis in GBM invasion, we used CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing to silence Il-19 in GL261/TMZ-R cells (two Il-19 KO clones: KO#1 and KO#2) since GL261/TMZ-R cells exhibited higher migration and invasion activity than parental GL261 cells by proteomic analysis (Supplementary Fig. 8). The gene discussed is CCN4; the disease is glioblastoma.