To validate the regulatory link between IL-19 and WISP1 expression, we found that IL-19 treatment upregulated WISP1 expression in the human GBM cell line U118 and in TMZ-resistant GBM cells (GL261/TMZ-R, DBTRG/TMZ-R) (Fig. 6B). The gene discussed is CCN4; the disease is glioblastoma.